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Cameronbaird/msft preview/factory static enlightenment#462
Camelron wants to merge 11 commits into
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cameronbaird/msft-preview/factory-static-enlightenment

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@Camelron Camelron commented Jun 24, 2026

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Draft.

This has two staged changes on top of the upstreamed clh-go templating support PR #461

  1. Prototype for hot plugging memory into VMs with zoned memory. This enables us to resize a templated VM to the workload size. To be cherry-picked and sent upstream.
  2. Msft-only change to hook up the fork's static_resource_* configs to the template paths. Upstream doesn't have/use these configs.

End result is that we can have default_* configs = 0, static_resource_management=true, AND VM templating enabled. This means we get VM templating with no changes to our VM size model.

In the templating configuration we can restore from the default size (512Mi) and resize UP to match the deployment's required size. What we do lose is the ability to deploy with limits less than the default size (< 512Mi).

Manuel Huber and others added 9 commits June 1, 2026 11:30
* Update the default branch to msft-preview in different places for
  the CI to work with our fork.
* Add the MSFT-required SECURITY.md and corresponding dictionary entries.

Signed-off-by: Saul Paredes <saulparedes@microsoft.com>
For runtime-go and runtime-rs. See below for details

Signed-off-by: Saul Paredes <saulparedes@microsoft.com>

tools: Add initial igvm-builder and node-builder/azure-linux scripting

This branch starts introducing additional scripting to build, deploy
and evaluate the components used in AKS' Pod Sandboxing and
Confidential Containers preview features. This includes the capability
to build the IGVM file and its reference measurement file for remote
attestation.

Signed-off-by: Manuel Huber <mahuber@microsoft.com>

tools: Improve igvm-builder and node-builder/azure-linux scripting

- Support for Mariner 3 builds using OS_VERSION variable
- Improvements to IGVM build process and flow as described in README
- Adoption of using only cloud-hypervisor-cvm on CBL-Mariner

Signed-off-by: Manuel Huber <mahuber@microsoft.com>

tools: Add package-tools-install functionality

- Add script to install kata-containers(-cc)-tools bits
- Minor improvements in README.md
- Minor fix in package_install
- Remove echo outputs in package_build

Signed-off-by: Manuel Huber <mahuber@microsoft.com>

tools: Enable setting IGVM SVN

- Allow setting SVN parameter for IGVM build scripting

Signed-off-by: Manuel Huber <mahuber@microsoft.com>

node-builder: introduce BUILD_TYPE variable

This lets developers build and deploy Kata in debug mode without having to make
manual edits to the build scripts.

With BUILD_TYPE=debug (default is release):

 * The agent is built in debug mode.
 * The agent is built with a permissive policy (using allow-all.rego).
 * The shim debug config file is used, ie. we create the symlink
   configuration-clh-snp-debug.toml <- configuration-clh-snp.toml.

For example, building and deploying Kata-CC in debug mode is now as simple as:

   make BUILD_TYPE=debug all-confpods deploy-confpods

Also do note that make still lets you override the other variables even after
setting BUILD_TYPE. For example, you can use the production shim config with
BUILD_TYPE=debug:

   make BUILD_TYPE=debug SHIM_USE_DEBUG_CONFIG=no all-confpods deploy-confpods

Signed-off-by: Aurélien Bombo <abombo@microsoft.com>

node-builder: introduce SHIM_REDEPLOY_CONFIG

See README: when SHIM_REDEPLOY_CONFIG=no, the shim configuration is NOT
redeployed, so that potential config changes made directly on the host
during development aren't lost.

Signed-off-by: Aurélien Bombo <abombo@microsoft.com>

node-builder: Use img for Pod Sandboxing

Switch from UVM initrd to image format

Signed-off-by: Manuel Huber <mahuber@microsoft.com>

node-builder: Adapt README instructions

- Sanitize containerd config snippet
- Set podOverhead for Kata runtime class

Signed-off-by: Manuel Huber <mahuber@microsoft.com>

tools: Adapt AGENT_POLICY_FILE path

- Adapt path in uvm_build.sh script to comply
  with the usptream changes we pulled in

Signed-off-by: Manuel Huber <mahuber@microsoft.com>

node-builder: Use Azure Linux 3 as default path

- update recipe and node-builder scripting
- change default value on rootfs-builder

Signed-off-by: Manuel Huber <mahuber@microsoft.com>

node-builder: Deploy-only for AzL3 VMs

- split deployment sections in node-builder README.md
- install jq, curl dependencies within IGVM script
- add path parameter to UVM install script

Signed-off-by: Manuel Huber <mahuber@microsoft.com>

node-builder: Minor updates to README.md

- no longer install make package, is part of meta package
- remove superfluous popd
- add note on permissive policy for ConfPods UVM builds

Signed-off-by: Manuel Huber <mahuber@microsoft.com>

node-builder: Updates to README.md

- with the latest 3.2.0.azl4 package on PMC, can remove OS_VERSION parameter
  and use the make deploy calls instead of copying files by hand for variant
  I (now aligned with Variant II)
- with the latest changes on msft-main, set the podOverhead to 600Mi

Signed-off-by: Manuel Huber <mahuber@microsoft.com>

node-builder: Fix SHIM_USE_DEBUG_CONFIG behavior

Using a symlink would create a cycle after calling this script again when
copying the final configuration at line 74 so we just use cp instead.

Also, I moved this block to the end of the file to properly override the final
config file.

Signed-off-by: Aurélien Bombo <abombo@microsoft.com>

node-builder: Build and install debug configuration for pod sandboxing

For ease of debugging, install a configuration-clh-debug.toml for pod
sandboxing as we do in Conf pods.

Signed-off-by: Cameron Baird <cameronbaird@microsoft.com>

runtime: remove clh-snp config file usage in makefile

Not needed to build vanilla kata

Signed-off-by: Saul Paredes <saulparedes@microsoft.com>

package_tools_install.sh: include nsdax.gpl.c

Include nsdax.gpl.c

Signed-off-by: Saul Paredes <saulparedes@microsoft.com>

node-builder: fix typo in string comparison

This also fixes a shellcheck error and lets us require the
shellcheck-required job:

In ./tools/osbuilder/node-builder/azure-linux/uvm_build.sh line 34:
        if [ -z "${UVM_KERNEL_HEADER_DIR}}" ]; then
                                         ^-- SC2157 (error): Argument to -z is always false due to literal strings.

Signed-off-by: Aurélien Bombo <abombo@microsoft.com>

docs: node-builder: fix static check error

This fixes the below static check error to follow up on the infra fix from
kata-containers#11646:

2025-07-31T19:32:45.0031829Z time="2025-07-31T19:32:44.990004665Z" level=fatal msg="found 2 parse errors:\nfile=\"tools/osbuilder/node-builder/azure-linux/README.md\": duplicate heading: \"Set up environment\" (heading: {Name:Set up environment MDName:Set up environment LinkName:set-up-environment Level:2})\nfile=\"tools/osbuilder/node-builder/azure-linux/README.md\": duplicate heading: \"Install build dependencies\" (heading: {Name:Install build dependencies MDName:Install build dependencies LinkName:install-build-dependencies Level:2})" commit=1d17f56b1aa7a880468b8e25d14467c92dca8eeb name=kata-check-markdown pid=9075 source=check-markdown version=0.0.1

Note: that is likely flagged because having two headings with the same
name, even under different sections, makes it impossible to create a
canonical heading link in Markdown.

This should eventually be squashed into the node-builder commit.

Signed-off-by: Aurélien Bombo <abombo@microsoft.com>

docs: node-builder: Remove references to moby-containerd-cc

As we adopted containerd2, we remove references to our prior
forked containerd version.

Signed-off-by: Manuel Huber <mahuber@microsoft.com>

node-builder: 2Mb aligned guest image size

Build the mariner guest image using IMAGE_SIZE_ALIGNMENT_MB=2.

Signed-off-by: Dan Mihai <dmihai@microsoft.com>

to-squash: node-builder: add reference to README.md

This is needed to avoid the following static-checks error:

2025-08-05T21:27:20.0028337Z [static-checks.sh:808] ERROR: Document tools/osbuilder/node-builder/azure-linux/README.md is not referenced

This commit is to be squashed into the node-builder commit.

Signed-off-by: Aurélien Bombo <abombo@microsoft.com>

node-builder: build and install runtime-rs
Build and install both runtime-rs and runtime-go configs and binaries side by side:
  - runtime-go:
      /usr/local/bin/containerd-shim-kata-v2-go
      /usr/local/share/defaults/kata-containers/configuration-clh.toml
      /usr/local/share/defaults/kata-containers/configuration-clh-debug.toml

  - runtime-rs:
      /usr/local/bin/containerd-shim-kata-v2-rs
      /usr/local/share/defaults/kata-containers/configuration-cloud-hypervisor.toml
      /usr/local/share/defaults/kata-containers/configuration-cloud-hypervisor-debug.toml

Also add USE_RUNTIME_RS variable and default to "yes". This controls which runtime binary and configuration will be installed
to /usr/local/bin/containerd-shim-kata-v2 and /usr/local/share/defaults/kata-containers/configuration.toml respectively.

Also install kata-ctl (runtime-rs equivalent of kata-runtime) so we can exec into the UVM when using runtime-rs

Signed-off-by: Saul Paredes <saulparedes@microsoft.com>
- if no limits are specified, assign a default static amount of memory (512Mi)
and vcpu (1) to the UVM
- if limits are specified, use those limit values for the UVM resources (don't add any extra)

Signed-off-by: Saul Paredes <saulparedes@microsoft.com>

runtime: Resolve high UVM memory footprint

Bug: https://microsoft.visualstudio.com/OS/_workitems/edit/43668151

Rationale: This is a temporary solution for optimizing memory usage for
the current mechanism of requesting resources through pod Limit
annotations:
- if no Limits are specified and hence WorkloadMemMB is 0, set a default
  value 'StaticWorkloadDefaultMem' to allocate a default amount of
  memory for use for containers in the sandbox in addition to the base
  memory
- if Limits are specified, the base memory and the sum of Limits are
  allocated. The end user needs to be aware of the minimum memory
  requirements for their pods, otherwise the pod will be stuck in the
  ContainerCreating state

Testing: Manual testing, creating pods with Limits and without limits,
and with two containers where each container has a limit, tested with
integration in a SPEC file where the config variables were set via
environment variables via the make command

Adapted by @mfrw from 3.1.0 to apply to 3.2.0

Signed-off-by: Muhammad Falak R Wani <mwani@microsoft.com>
Signed-off-by: Manuel Huber <mahuber@microsoft.com>

runtime: Remove unused VMM options for mem alloc

- We only ever tested these fork changes with CLH+MSHV
- Remove these options as we don't use QEMU/FC

Signed-off-by: Manuel Huber <mahuber@microsoft.com>

runtime: improved memory overhead management

After these changes:

1. The value of the K8s runtime class memory overhead:
   - Covers the memory usage from all the Host-side components (mainly
     the Kata Shim and the VMM).
   - Doesn't include the memory usage from any Guest-side components.

2. The value of a pod memory limit specified by the user:
   - Is equal to the memory size of the Pod VM.
   - Includes the memory usage from all the Guest-side components
     (mainly user's workload, the Guest kernel, and the Kata Agent)
   - Doesn't include the memory usage from any Host-side components.

Signed-off-by: Dan Mihai <dmihai@microsoft.com>

runtime: fix `make test`

This addresses the following errors from `make test` to allow us to require
that upstream CI:

https://github.com/microsoft/kata-containers/actions/runs/16656407213/job/47142422035?pr=392#step:13:53

Signed-off-by: Aurélien Bombo <abombo@microsoft.com>

runtime: Allocate default workload vcpus

- similar to the static_sandbox_default_workload_mem option,
  assign a default number of vcpus to the VM when no limits
  are given, 1 vcpu in this case
- similar to commit c7b8ee9, do not allocate additional vcpus
  when limits are provided

Signed-off-by: Manuel Huber <mahuber@microsoft.com>
- if no limits are specified, assign a default static amount of memory (512Mi) and vcpu (1) to the UVM
- if limits are specified, use those limit values for the UVM resources (don't add any extra)

Signed-off-by: Saul Paredes <saulparedes@microsoft.com>

runtime-rs: Resolve high UVM memory footprint
This is a port from b03db3e into runtime-rs

Rationale: This is a temporary solution for optimizing memory usage for
the current mechanism of requesting resources through pod Limit
annotations:
- if no Limits are specified and hence WorkloadMemMB is 0, set a default
  value 'StaticWorkloadDefaultMem' to allocate a default amount of
  memory for use for containers in the sandbox in addition to the base
  memory
- if Limits are specified, the base memory and the sum of Limits are
  allocated. The end user needs to be aware of the minimum memory
  requirements for their pods, otherwise the pod will be stuck in the
  ContainerCreating state

Testing: Manual testing, creating pods with Limits and without limits,
and with two containers where each container has a limit, tested with
integration in a SPEC file where the config variables were set via
environment variables via the make command

Signed-off-by: Saul Paredes <saulparedes@microsoft.com>

runtime-rs: improved memory overhead management

This is a port from 7ddec33 into runtime-rs

After these changes:

1. The value of the K8s runtime class memory overhead:
   - Covers the memory usage from all the Host-side components (mainly
     the Kata Shim and the VMM).
   - Doesn't include the memory usage from any Guest-side components.

2. The value of a pod memory limit specified by the user:
   - Is equal to the memory size of the Pod VM.
   - Includes the memory usage from all the Guest-side components
     (mainly user's workload, the Guest kernel, and the Kata Agent)
   - Doesn't include the memory usage from any Host-side components.

Signed-off-by: Saul Paredes <saulparedes@microsoft.com>

runtime-rs: Allocate default workload vcpus

This is a port from 9af9844

Plus ports an existing behaviour from runtime-go to also add the vcpus. See
https://github.com/fidencio/kata-containers/blob/e2476f587c472d5d217df9c75cdb80193dd85994/src/runtime/pkg/oci/utils.go#L1232

- similar to the static_sandbox_default_workload_mem option,
  assign a default number of vcpus to the VM when no limits
  are given, 1 vcpu in this case
- similar to commit c7b8ee9, do not allocate additional vcpus when limits are provided

Signed-off-by: Saul Paredes <saulparedes@microsoft.com>

runtime-rs: add test coverage for static resource management

If using static management and initial size manager uses 0 for CPU or memory,
we add default static values to the hv config

Signed-off-by: Saul Paredes <saulparedes@microsoft.com>
- tests that deploy pods with too small of a memory limit
- tests try to set a minimum memory limit for some containerd tests
- tests that use runners we don't have
- tests that depend on pushing to GHCR
- disable Kata Containers CI / kata-containers-ci-on-push / run-kata-deploy-tests / run-kata-deploy-tests (qemu, k3s)

Also disable these for runtime-rs that fail due to resource management patches:
- run-nerdctl-tests (dragonball)
- run-nydus (active, dragonball)
- run-nydus (lts, dragonball)

Signed-off-by: Saul Paredes <saulparedes@microsoft.com>
If memory limit is set and less than minimum, set it to minimum.

This is to to account for kata-containers@0ec3403

Signed-off-by: Saul Paredes <saulparedes@microsoft.com>
Add support for VM Template factory on the clh path.

In order to support snapshot/restore-based VM templating,
the following changes were needed:
1. For clh.go, implement SaveVM, PauseVM, restoreVM, ResumeVM
2. Remove initrd config check for VM Templating path. The
        root disk image (when using image mode) is created in memory
        and therefore captured in the VM snapshot.
3. Truncate the memory file to the size of the VM at factory VM
        create time. This allows CLH to use the memory file
        as the backing for the template VM memory, allowing O(1)
        snapshot times.
4. CLH uses memory zones as backing for its memory on the template paths
5. Update StartVM in CLH to use the restore path when template is
        configured and available

Signed-off-by: Cameron Baird <cameronbaird@microsoft.com>
Add k8s-vm-templating-test.bats which exercises pod create
with the factory initialized on the target node.

Signed-off-by: Cameron Baird <cameronbaird@microsoft.com>
The behavior we had before was that, for a starting k8s pod,
it sees enable_template=true and therefore:

1. Tries NewFactory with fetchOnly=true
2. When that fails (because template.Fetch fails to find the artifacts,
	we retry with fetchOnly=false. This creates a direct factory
	which creates the template from scratch
	(hence we pay a full pod sandbox boot time here)
	and then restores from that. Hence the boot times
	are strictly worse on this path.

Now, even when enable_template=true, we don't try to force a direct factory.
Instead we just revert to the standard sandbox boot path.

Signed-off-by: Cameron Baird <cameronbaird@microsoft.com>
@Camelron Camelron force-pushed the cameronbaird/msft-preview/factory-static-enlightenment branch from 718526d to c0c7eb9 Compare June 24, 2026 23:16
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This change is WIP. The config is wired up/adjusted at 5 or 6 different locations and it is difficult to make all paths robust.

@Camelron Camelron force-pushed the cameronbaird/msft-preview/factory-static-enlightenment branch from c0c7eb9 to 36cc885 Compare June 25, 2026 20:18
Camelron added 2 commits July 9, 2026 16:55
For CLH, handle larger sizes for incoming deployments by resizing
the VM inherited from the template VM. i.e. incoming pod is
1024M and the template VM is 512M? Plug in a zone of size 512M.

Assisted-By: Claude Opus 4.8
Signed-Off-By: Cameron Baird <cameronbaird@microsoft.com>
This patch is for the msft fork only. It wires up the static size
configs such that factory respects the static_ fields.

This means we have the same VM size model as is in production today:
1. With no limits specified, the user gets the static size 512Mi,1vcpu
2. With limits specified, the user gets the exact specified size
	which is limits.memory,limits.vcpus for the deployment

Assisted-By: Clause Opus 4.8
Signed-Off-By: Cameron Baird <cameronbaird@microsoft.com>
@Camelron Camelron force-pushed the cameronbaird/msft-preview/factory-static-enlightenment branch from 36cc885 to c96b0df Compare July 9, 2026 16:57
@Camelron

Camelron commented Jul 9, 2026

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This change is WIP. The config is wired up/adjusted at 5 or 6 different locations and it is difficult to make all paths robust.

Now refactored to centralize the static config handling across all scenarios (factory, normal boot, etc). Now the semantics are:

static_resource_mgmt=true?
VM config always gets those static_default_* values. In the updateResources() phase, for a templated VM, handle the hotplug of resources while maintaining the existing properties of static_ configs (limits.memory are NOT additive with the defaults, they overwrite).

@Camelron Camelron marked this pull request as ready for review July 9, 2026 17:02
@Redent0r Redent0r mentioned this pull request Jul 9, 2026
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@Camelron Camelron changed the base branch from cameronbaird/msft-preview/clh-go-templating to saul/msft-preview July 9, 2026 20:04
@Camelron

Camelron commented Jul 9, 2026

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Closed in favor of #464 which is rebased for our incoming preview branch.

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Camelron commented Jul 9, 2026

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Closing

@Camelron Camelron closed this Jul 9, 2026
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3 participants