diff --git a/abscond/compiler/compile.rkt b/abscond/compiler/compile.rkt
index e67640c..ee7eddd 100644
--- a/abscond/compiler/compile.rkt
+++ b/abscond/compiler/compile.rkt
@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
 #lang racket
-(provide compile
-         compile-e)
+(provide compile)
 
 (require "../syntax/ast.rkt")
 (require a86/ast a86/registers)
@@ -9,11 +8,7 @@
 (define (compile e)
   (prog (Global 'entry)
         (Label 'entry)
-        (compile-e e)
+        (match e
+          [(Lit i) (Mov rax i)])
         (Ret)))
 
-;; Expr -> Asm
-(define (compile-e e)
-  (match e
-    [(Lit i) (seq (Mov rax i))]))
-
diff --git a/abscond/correct.rkt b/abscond/correct.rkt
index 9ee319c..69f6400 100644
--- a/abscond/correct.rkt
+++ b/abscond/correct.rkt
@@ -2,11 +2,11 @@
 (provide check-compiler)
 (require rackunit)
 (require "interpreter/interp.rkt")
-(require "executor/run.rkt")
 (require "compiler/compile.rkt")
+(require a86/interp)
 
 ;; Expr -> Void
 (define (check-compiler e)
   (check-equal? (interp e)
-                (run (compile e))))
+                (asm-interp (compile e))))
 
diff --git a/blackmail/executor/run-stdin.rkt b/abscond/executor/exec-stdin.rkt
similarity index 78%
rename from blackmail/executor/run-stdin.rkt
rename to abscond/executor/exec-stdin.rkt
index 7e7170f..8f50771 100644
--- a/blackmail/executor/run-stdin.rkt
+++ b/abscond/executor/exec-stdin.rkt
@@ -2,11 +2,11 @@
 (provide main)
 (require "../syntax/parse.rkt")
 (require "../compiler/compile.rkt")
-(require "run.rkt")
+(require a86/interp)
 
 ;; -> Void
 ;; Compile contents of stdin and use asm-interp to run
 (define (main)
   (read-line) ; ignore #lang racket line
-  (run (compile (parse (read)))))
+  (asm-interp (compile (parse (read)))))
 
diff --git a/abscond/executor/exec.rkt b/abscond/executor/exec.rkt
deleted file mode 100644
index 7800ef5..0000000
--- a/abscond/executor/exec.rkt
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,44 +0,0 @@
-#lang racket
-(require a86/interp)
-
-(provide exec
-         (struct-out exec-state)
-         exec-unload
-         call-with-exec)
-
-(require a86/interp
-         ffi/unsafe)
-
-(struct exec-state (program) #:transparent)
-
-(define _val _int64)
-
-(define (exec/state prog)
-  (exec-state
-   (asm-load prog)))
-
-(define (exec-call st)
-  (match-define (exec-state program) st)
-  (asm-call program 'entry))
-
-(define (exec-unload st)
-  (asm-unload (exec-state-program st)))
-
-;; ------------------------------------------------------------
-;; public API
-
-;; execute with runtime system and Racket host
-;; return raw bits plus the live state needed to interpret them safely
-
-;; CAUTION: this does not unload
-(define (exec asm)
-  (exec-call (exec/state asm)))
-
-;; version of above that ensures unloading
-(define (call-with-exec e f)
-  (define st (exec/state e))
-  (dynamic-wind
-    void
-    (λ () (f (exec-call st)))
-    (λ () (exec-unload st))))
-
diff --git a/abscond/executor/run.rkt b/abscond/executor/run.rkt
deleted file mode 100644
index 39c354a..0000000
--- a/abscond/executor/run.rkt
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,11 +0,0 @@
-#lang racket
-(require a86/interp)
-(require "exec.rkt")
-(provide run)
-
-;; Asm -> Integer
-(define (run asm)
-  (call-with-exec
-   asm
-   identity))
-
diff --git a/abscond/main.rkt b/abscond/main.rkt
index 16c671d..a334722 100644
--- a/abscond/main.rkt
+++ b/abscond/main.rkt
@@ -3,12 +3,8 @@
 (require "syntax/parse.rkt")
 (require "interpreter/interp.rkt")
 (require "compiler/compile.rkt")
-(require "executor/run.rkt")
-(require "executor/exec.rkt")
 (provide (all-from-out "syntax/ast.rkt"))
 (provide (all-from-out "syntax/parse.rkt"))
 (provide (all-from-out "interpreter/interp.rkt"))
 (provide (all-from-out "compiler/compile.rkt"))
-(provide (all-from-out "executor/run.rkt"))
-(provide (all-from-out "executor/exec.rkt"))
 
diff --git a/abscond/runtime/Makefile b/abscond/runtime/Makefile
index 8b22999..34d7577 100644
--- a/abscond/runtime/Makefile
+++ b/abscond/runtime/Makefile
@@ -6,11 +6,9 @@ else
   LANGS_AS ?= clang -c
 endif
 
-CFLAGS   += -fPIC -g
+CFLAGS   += -g
 
-OBJS = \
-	main.o \
-	print.o
+OBJS = main.o
 
 default: runtime.o
 
diff --git a/abscond/runtime/main.c b/abscond/runtime/main.c
index 4c8ad77..163618e 100644
--- a/abscond/runtime/main.c
+++ b/abscond/runtime/main.c
@@ -1,13 +1,12 @@
 #include <stdio.h>
 #include <inttypes.h>
-#include "print.h"
 
 int64_t entry();
 
 int main(int argc, char** argv)
 {
   int64_t result = entry();
-  print_result(result);
+  printf("%" PRId64, result);
   putchar('\n');
   return 0;
 }
diff --git a/abscond/runtime/print.c b/abscond/runtime/print.c
deleted file mode 100644
index cf19daf..0000000
--- a/abscond/runtime/print.c
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,7 +0,0 @@
-#include <stdio.h>
-#include <inttypes.h>
-
-void print_result(int64_t x)
-{
-  printf("%" PRId64, x);
-}
diff --git a/abscond/runtime/print.h b/abscond/runtime/print.h
deleted file mode 100644
index 08ae346..0000000
--- a/abscond/runtime/print.h
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,6 +0,0 @@
-#ifndef PRINT_H
-#define PRINT_H
-
-void print_result(int64_t);
-
-#endif
diff --git a/abscond/test/run-compile-tests.rkt b/abscond/test/run-compile-tests.rkt
index 638f5e8..9fc6cc6 100644
--- a/abscond/test/run-compile-tests.rkt
+++ b/abscond/test/run-compile-tests.rkt
@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 #lang racket
 (require "../compiler/compile.rkt")
 (require "../syntax/parse.rkt")
-(require "../executor/run.rkt")
 (require "define-tests.rkt")
+(require a86/interp)
 
-(test (λ (e) (run (compile (parse e)))))
+(test (λ (e) (asm-interp (compile (parse e)))))
 
diff --git a/blackmail/correct.rkt b/blackmail/correct.rkt
index 9ee319c..69f6400 100644
--- a/blackmail/correct.rkt
+++ b/blackmail/correct.rkt
@@ -2,11 +2,11 @@
 (provide check-compiler)
 (require rackunit)
 (require "interpreter/interp.rkt")
-(require "executor/run.rkt")
 (require "compiler/compile.rkt")
+(require a86/interp)
 
 ;; Expr -> Void
 (define (check-compiler e)
   (check-equal? (interp e)
-                (run (compile e))))
+                (asm-interp (compile e))))
 
diff --git a/abscond/executor/run-stdin.rkt b/blackmail/executor/exec-stdin.rkt
similarity index 78%
rename from abscond/executor/run-stdin.rkt
rename to blackmail/executor/exec-stdin.rkt
index 7e7170f..8f50771 100644
--- a/abscond/executor/run-stdin.rkt
+++ b/blackmail/executor/exec-stdin.rkt
@@ -2,11 +2,11 @@
 (provide main)
 (require "../syntax/parse.rkt")
 (require "../compiler/compile.rkt")
-(require "run.rkt")
+(require a86/interp)
 
 ;; -> Void
 ;; Compile contents of stdin and use asm-interp to run
 (define (main)
   (read-line) ; ignore #lang racket line
-  (run (compile (parse (read)))))
+  (asm-interp (compile (parse (read)))))
 
diff --git a/blackmail/executor/exec.rkt b/blackmail/executor/exec.rkt
deleted file mode 100644
index 7800ef5..0000000
--- a/blackmail/executor/exec.rkt
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,44 +0,0 @@
-#lang racket
-(require a86/interp)
-
-(provide exec
-         (struct-out exec-state)
-         exec-unload
-         call-with-exec)
-
-(require a86/interp
-         ffi/unsafe)
-
-(struct exec-state (program) #:transparent)
-
-(define _val _int64)
-
-(define (exec/state prog)
-  (exec-state
-   (asm-load prog)))
-
-(define (exec-call st)
-  (match-define (exec-state program) st)
-  (asm-call program 'entry))
-
-(define (exec-unload st)
-  (asm-unload (exec-state-program st)))
-
-;; ------------------------------------------------------------
-;; public API
-
-;; execute with runtime system and Racket host
-;; return raw bits plus the live state needed to interpret them safely
-
-;; CAUTION: this does not unload
-(define (exec asm)
-  (exec-call (exec/state asm)))
-
-;; version of above that ensures unloading
-(define (call-with-exec e f)
-  (define st (exec/state e))
-  (dynamic-wind
-    void
-    (λ () (f (exec-call st)))
-    (λ () (exec-unload st))))
-
diff --git a/blackmail/executor/run.rkt b/blackmail/executor/run.rkt
deleted file mode 100644
index 39c354a..0000000
--- a/blackmail/executor/run.rkt
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,11 +0,0 @@
-#lang racket
-(require a86/interp)
-(require "exec.rkt")
-(provide run)
-
-;; Asm -> Integer
-(define (run asm)
-  (call-with-exec
-   asm
-   identity))
-
diff --git a/blackmail/main.rkt b/blackmail/main.rkt
index 16c671d..a334722 100644
--- a/blackmail/main.rkt
+++ b/blackmail/main.rkt
@@ -3,12 +3,8 @@
 (require "syntax/parse.rkt")
 (require "interpreter/interp.rkt")
 (require "compiler/compile.rkt")
-(require "executor/run.rkt")
-(require "executor/exec.rkt")
 (provide (all-from-out "syntax/ast.rkt"))
 (provide (all-from-out "syntax/parse.rkt"))
 (provide (all-from-out "interpreter/interp.rkt"))
 (provide (all-from-out "compiler/compile.rkt"))
-(provide (all-from-out "executor/run.rkt"))
-(provide (all-from-out "executor/exec.rkt"))
 
diff --git a/blackmail/runtime/Makefile b/blackmail/runtime/Makefile
index 8b22999..34d7577 100644
--- a/blackmail/runtime/Makefile
+++ b/blackmail/runtime/Makefile
@@ -6,11 +6,9 @@ else
   LANGS_AS ?= clang -c
 endif
 
-CFLAGS   += -fPIC -g
+CFLAGS   += -g
 
-OBJS = \
-	main.o \
-	print.o
+OBJS = main.o
 
 default: runtime.o
 
diff --git a/blackmail/runtime/main.c b/blackmail/runtime/main.c
index 4c8ad77..163618e 100644
--- a/blackmail/runtime/main.c
+++ b/blackmail/runtime/main.c
@@ -1,13 +1,12 @@
 #include <stdio.h>
 #include <inttypes.h>
-#include "print.h"
 
 int64_t entry();
 
 int main(int argc, char** argv)
 {
   int64_t result = entry();
-  print_result(result);
+  printf("%" PRId64, result);
   putchar('\n');
   return 0;
 }
diff --git a/blackmail/runtime/print.c b/blackmail/runtime/print.c
deleted file mode 100644
index cf19daf..0000000
--- a/blackmail/runtime/print.c
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,7 +0,0 @@
-#include <stdio.h>
-#include <inttypes.h>
-
-void print_result(int64_t x)
-{
-  printf("%" PRId64, x);
-}
diff --git a/blackmail/runtime/print.h b/blackmail/runtime/print.h
deleted file mode 100644
index 08ae346..0000000
--- a/blackmail/runtime/print.h
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,6 +0,0 @@
-#ifndef PRINT_H
-#define PRINT_H
-
-void print_result(int64_t);
-
-#endif
diff --git a/blackmail/test/run-compile-tests.rkt b/blackmail/test/run-compile-tests.rkt
index 638f5e8..9fc6cc6 100644
--- a/blackmail/test/run-compile-tests.rkt
+++ b/blackmail/test/run-compile-tests.rkt
@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 #lang racket
 (require "../compiler/compile.rkt")
 (require "../syntax/parse.rkt")
-(require "../executor/run.rkt")
 (require "define-tests.rkt")
+(require a86/interp)
 
-(test (λ (e) (run (compile (parse e)))))
+(test (λ (e) (asm-interp (compile (parse e)))))
 
diff --git a/con/correct.rkt b/con/correct.rkt
index 9ee319c..69f6400 100644
--- a/con/correct.rkt
+++ b/con/correct.rkt
@@ -2,11 +2,11 @@
 (provide check-compiler)
 (require rackunit)
 (require "interpreter/interp.rkt")
-(require "executor/run.rkt")
 (require "compiler/compile.rkt")
+(require a86/interp)
 
 ;; Expr -> Void
 (define (check-compiler e)
   (check-equal? (interp e)
-                (run (compile e))))
+                (asm-interp (compile e))))
 
diff --git a/con/executor/run-stdin.rkt b/con/executor/exec-stdin.rkt
similarity index 78%
rename from con/executor/run-stdin.rkt
rename to con/executor/exec-stdin.rkt
index 7e7170f..8f50771 100644
--- a/con/executor/run-stdin.rkt
+++ b/con/executor/exec-stdin.rkt
@@ -2,11 +2,11 @@
 (provide main)
 (require "../syntax/parse.rkt")
 (require "../compiler/compile.rkt")
-(require "run.rkt")
+(require a86/interp)
 
 ;; -> Void
 ;; Compile contents of stdin and use asm-interp to run
 (define (main)
   (read-line) ; ignore #lang racket line
-  (run (compile (parse (read)))))
+  (asm-interp (compile (parse (read)))))
 
diff --git a/con/executor/exec.rkt b/con/executor/exec.rkt
deleted file mode 100644
index 7800ef5..0000000
--- a/con/executor/exec.rkt
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,44 +0,0 @@
-#lang racket
-(require a86/interp)
-
-(provide exec
-         (struct-out exec-state)
-         exec-unload
-         call-with-exec)
-
-(require a86/interp
-         ffi/unsafe)
-
-(struct exec-state (program) #:transparent)
-
-(define _val _int64)
-
-(define (exec/state prog)
-  (exec-state
-   (asm-load prog)))
-
-(define (exec-call st)
-  (match-define (exec-state program) st)
-  (asm-call program 'entry))
-
-(define (exec-unload st)
-  (asm-unload (exec-state-program st)))
-
-;; ------------------------------------------------------------
-;; public API
-
-;; execute with runtime system and Racket host
-;; return raw bits plus the live state needed to interpret them safely
-
-;; CAUTION: this does not unload
-(define (exec asm)
-  (exec-call (exec/state asm)))
-
-;; version of above that ensures unloading
-(define (call-with-exec e f)
-  (define st (exec/state e))
-  (dynamic-wind
-    void
-    (λ () (f (exec-call st)))
-    (λ () (exec-unload st))))
-
diff --git a/con/executor/run.rkt b/con/executor/run.rkt
deleted file mode 100644
index 39c354a..0000000
--- a/con/executor/run.rkt
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,11 +0,0 @@
-#lang racket
-(require a86/interp)
-(require "exec.rkt")
-(provide run)
-
-;; Asm -> Integer
-(define (run asm)
-  (call-with-exec
-   asm
-   identity))
-
diff --git a/con/main.rkt b/con/main.rkt
index 16c671d..a334722 100644
--- a/con/main.rkt
+++ b/con/main.rkt
@@ -3,12 +3,8 @@
 (require "syntax/parse.rkt")
 (require "interpreter/interp.rkt")
 (require "compiler/compile.rkt")
-(require "executor/run.rkt")
-(require "executor/exec.rkt")
 (provide (all-from-out "syntax/ast.rkt"))
 (provide (all-from-out "syntax/parse.rkt"))
 (provide (all-from-out "interpreter/interp.rkt"))
 (provide (all-from-out "compiler/compile.rkt"))
-(provide (all-from-out "executor/run.rkt"))
-(provide (all-from-out "executor/exec.rkt"))
 
diff --git a/con/runtime/Makefile b/con/runtime/Makefile
index 8b22999..34d7577 100644
--- a/con/runtime/Makefile
+++ b/con/runtime/Makefile
@@ -6,11 +6,9 @@ else
   LANGS_AS ?= clang -c
 endif
 
-CFLAGS   += -fPIC -g
+CFLAGS   += -g
 
-OBJS = \
-	main.o \
-	print.o
+OBJS = main.o
 
 default: runtime.o
 
diff --git a/con/runtime/main.c b/con/runtime/main.c
index c608bf9..163618e 100644
--- a/con/runtime/main.c
+++ b/con/runtime/main.c
@@ -1,13 +1,12 @@
 #include <stdio.h>
 #include <inttypes.h>
-#include "print.h"
 
 int64_t entry();
 
 int main(int argc, char** argv)
 {
-  int64_t result = entry();  
-  print_result(result);
+  int64_t result = entry();
+  printf("%" PRId64, result);
   putchar('\n');
   return 0;
 }
diff --git a/con/runtime/print.c b/con/runtime/print.c
deleted file mode 100644
index cf19daf..0000000
--- a/con/runtime/print.c
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,7 +0,0 @@
-#include <stdio.h>
-#include <inttypes.h>
-
-void print_result(int64_t x)
-{
-  printf("%" PRId64, x);
-}
diff --git a/con/runtime/print.h b/con/runtime/print.h
deleted file mode 100644
index 08ae346..0000000
--- a/con/runtime/print.h
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,6 +0,0 @@
-#ifndef PRINT_H
-#define PRINT_H
-
-void print_result(int64_t);
-
-#endif
diff --git a/con/test/run-compile-tests.rkt b/con/test/run-compile-tests.rkt
index 638f5e8..9fc6cc6 100644
--- a/con/test/run-compile-tests.rkt
+++ b/con/test/run-compile-tests.rkt
@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 #lang racket
 (require "../compiler/compile.rkt")
 (require "../syntax/parse.rkt")
-(require "../executor/run.rkt")
 (require "define-tests.rkt")
+(require a86/interp)
 
-(test (λ (e) (run (compile (parse e)))))
+(test (λ (e) (asm-interp (compile (parse e)))))
 
diff --git a/dodger/executor/run-stdin.rkt b/dodger/executor/run-stdin.rkt
index 7e7170f..ac60d60 100644
--- a/dodger/executor/run-stdin.rkt
+++ b/dodger/executor/run-stdin.rkt
@@ -8,5 +8,6 @@
 ;; Compile contents of stdin and use asm-interp to run
 (define (main)
   (read-line) ; ignore #lang racket line
+
   (run (compile (parse (read)))))
 
diff --git a/dodger/test/run-compile-tests.rkt b/dodger/test/run-compile-tests.rkt
index 638f5e8..1360550 100644
--- a/dodger/test/run-compile-tests.rkt
+++ b/dodger/test/run-compile-tests.rkt
@@ -3,6 +3,5 @@
 (require "../syntax/parse.rkt")
 (require "../executor/run.rkt")
 (require "define-tests.rkt")
-
 (test (λ (e) (run (compile (parse e)))))
 
diff --git a/dupe/correct.rkt b/dupe/correct.rkt
index 2129ca0..16ae264 100644
--- a/dupe/correct.rkt
+++ b/dupe/correct.rkt
@@ -2,13 +2,12 @@
 (provide check-compiler)
 (require rackunit)
 (require "interpreter/interp.rkt")
-(require "executor/run.rkt")
-(require "compiler/compile.rkt")
+(require "executor/exec.rkt")
 
 ;; Expr -> Void
 (define (check-compiler e)
   (let ((r (with-handlers ([exn:fail? identity])
              (interp e))))
     (unless (exn? r)
-      (check-equal? r (run (compile e))))))
+      (check-equal? r (exec e)))))
 
diff --git a/dupe/executor/exec-stdin.rkt b/dupe/executor/exec-stdin.rkt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9669e7a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/dupe/executor/exec-stdin.rkt
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+#lang racket
+(provide main)
+(require "../syntax/parse.rkt")
+(require "exec.rkt")
+
+;; -> Value
+;; Parse, compile, and execute contents of stdin
+(define (main)
+  (read-line) ; ignore #lang racket line
+  (exec (parse (read))))
+
diff --git a/dupe/executor/exec.rkt b/dupe/executor/exec.rkt
index 8b8c3be..71f3c17 100644
--- a/dupe/executor/exec.rkt
+++ b/dupe/executor/exec.rkt
@@ -1,44 +1,9 @@
 #lang racket
+(provide exec)
 (require a86/interp)
-
-(provide exec
-         (struct-out exec-state)
-         exec-unload
-         call-with-exec)
-
-(require a86/interp
-         ffi/unsafe)
+(require "../compiler/compile.rkt")
 (require "decode.rkt")
-(require "../runtime/types.rkt")
-
-(struct exec-state (program) #:transparent)
-
-(define (exec/state prog)
-  (exec-state
-   (asm-load prog)))
-
-(define (exec-call st)
-  (match-define (exec-state program) st)
-  (asm-call program 'entry))
-
-(define (exec-unload st)
-  (asm-unload (exec-state-program st)))
-
-;; ------------------------------------------------------------
-;; public API
-
-;; execute with runtime system and Racket host
-;; return raw bits plus the live state needed to interpret them safely
-
-;; CAUTION: this does not unload
-(define (exec asm)
-  (exec-call (exec/state asm)))
-
-;; version of above that ensures unloading
-(define (call-with-exec e f)
-  (define st (exec/state e))
-  (dynamic-wind
-    void
-    (λ () (f (exec-call st)))
-    (λ () (exec-unload st))))
 
+;; Expr -> Value
+(define (exec e)
+  (bits->value (asm-interp (compile e))))
diff --git a/dupe/executor/run-stdin.rkt b/dupe/executor/run-stdin.rkt
deleted file mode 100644
index 7e7170f..0000000
--- a/dupe/executor/run-stdin.rkt
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,12 +0,0 @@
-#lang racket
-(provide main)
-(require "../syntax/parse.rkt")
-(require "../compiler/compile.rkt")
-(require "run.rkt")
-
-;; -> Void
-;; Compile contents of stdin and use asm-interp to run
-(define (main)
-  (read-line) ; ignore #lang racket line
-  (run (compile (parse (read)))))
-
diff --git a/dupe/executor/run.rkt b/dupe/executor/run.rkt
deleted file mode 100644
index 5b4c9cd..0000000
--- a/dupe/executor/run.rkt
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,11 +0,0 @@
-#lang racket
-(require a86/interp)
-(require "decode.rkt")
-(require "exec.rkt")
-(provide run)
-(define (run asm)
-  (call-with-exec
-   asm
-   (λ (r)
-     (bits->value r))))
-
diff --git a/dupe/main.rkt b/dupe/main.rkt
index d6a5d90..dc085fd 100644
--- a/dupe/main.rkt
+++ b/dupe/main.rkt
@@ -4,13 +4,11 @@
 (require "interpreter/interp.rkt")
 (require "compiler/compile.rkt")
 (require "runtime/types.rkt")
-(require "executor/run.rkt")
 (require "executor/exec.rkt")
 (provide (all-from-out "syntax/ast.rkt"))
 (provide (all-from-out "syntax/parse.rkt"))
 (provide (all-from-out "interpreter/interp.rkt"))
 (provide (all-from-out "compiler/compile.rkt"))
 (provide (all-from-out "runtime/types.rkt"))
-(provide (all-from-out "executor/run.rkt"))
 (provide (all-from-out "executor/exec.rkt"))
 
diff --git a/dupe/runtime/Makefile b/dupe/runtime/Makefile
index cf0e413..32de08f 100644
--- a/dupe/runtime/Makefile
+++ b/dupe/runtime/Makefile
@@ -6,10 +6,9 @@ else
   LANGS_AS ?= clang -c
 endif
 
-CFLAGS   += -fPIC -g
+CFLAGS   += -g
 
-OBJS = \
-	main.o \
+OBJS = 	main.o \
 	print.o \
 	values.o
 
diff --git a/dupe/test/run-compile-tests.rkt b/dupe/test/run-compile-tests.rkt
index 638f5e8..a13ebef 100644
--- a/dupe/test/run-compile-tests.rkt
+++ b/dupe/test/run-compile-tests.rkt
@@ -1,8 +1,6 @@
 #lang racket
-(require "../compiler/compile.rkt")
 (require "../syntax/parse.rkt")
-(require "../executor/run.rkt")
+(require "../executor/exec.rkt")
 (require "define-tests.rkt")
-
-(test (λ (e) (run (compile (parse e)))))
+(test (λ (e) (exec (parse e))))
 
diff --git a/evildoer/Makefile b/evildoer/Makefile
index 5205a2f..2d442f8 100644
--- a/evildoer/Makefile
+++ b/evildoer/Makefile
@@ -6,30 +6,33 @@ else
   LANGS_AS ?= clang -c
 endif
 
-objs = \
-	main.o \
-	print.o
+RACKET ?= racket
 
-default: runtime.o
+RUNTIME_DIR := runtime
+RUNTIME := $(RUNTIME_DIR)/runtime.o
 
-runtime.o: $(objs)
-	ld -r $(objs) -o runtime.o
+# Example source extension for this language.
+SRC_EXT := rkt
 
-%.run: %.o runtime.o
-	$(LANGS_CC) runtime.o $< -o $@
+default:
+	@echo "example: make foo.run"
 
-.c.o:
-	$(LANGS_CC) -fPIC -c -g -o $@ $<
+# Build the runtime bundles if needed.
+$(RUNTIME):
+	$(MAKE) -C $(RUNTIME_DIR)
 
-.s.o:
+# Compile source program to assembly.
+%.s: %.$(SRC_EXT)
+	cat $< | $(RACKET) -t compiler/compile-stdin.rkt -m > $@
+
+# Assemble to object.
+%.o: %.s
 	$(LANGS_AS) -o $@ $<
 
-%.s: %.rkt
-	cat $< | racket -t compile-stdin.rkt -m > $@
+# Link standalone executable.
+%.run: %.o $(RUNTIME)
+	$(LANGS_CC) -o $@ $^
 
 clean:
 	@$(RM) *.o *.s *.run ||:
-	@echo "$(shell basename $(shell pwd)): cleaned!"
-
-%.test: %.run %.rkt
-	@test "$(shell ./$(<))" = "$(shell racket $(word 2,$^))"
+	@$(MAKE) -C $(RUNTIME_DIR) clean
diff --git a/evildoer/correct.rkt b/evildoer/correct.rkt
index 01914a1..cf21df8 100644
--- a/evildoer/correct.rkt
+++ b/evildoer/correct.rkt
@@ -2,12 +2,12 @@
 (provide check-compiler)
 (require rackunit)
 (require "interpreter/interp-io.rkt")
-(require "executor/run.rkt")
+(require "executor/exec.rkt")
 (require "compiler/compile.rkt")
 ;; Expr String -> Void
 (define (check-compiler e i)
   (let ((r (with-handlers ([exn:fail? identity])
              (interp/io e i))))
     (unless (exn? r)
-      (check-equal? r (run/io (compile e) i)))))
+      (check-equal? r (exec/io e i)))))
 
diff --git a/evildoer/executor/exec-stdin.rkt b/evildoer/executor/exec-stdin.rkt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9669e7a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/evildoer/executor/exec-stdin.rkt
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+#lang racket
+(provide main)
+(require "../syntax/parse.rkt")
+(require "exec.rkt")
+
+;; -> Value
+;; Parse, compile, and execute contents of stdin
+(define (main)
+  (read-line) ; ignore #lang racket line
+  (exec (parse (read))))
+
diff --git a/evildoer/executor/exec.rkt b/evildoer/executor/exec.rkt
index 34d9d42..ae90943 100644
--- a/evildoer/executor/exec.rkt
+++ b/evildoer/executor/exec.rkt
@@ -1,50 +1,17 @@
 #lang racket
-(require a86/interp)
-
-(provide exec
-         (struct-out exec-state)
-         exec-unload
-         call-with-exec)
-
-(require a86/interp
-         ffi/unsafe)
+(provide exec exec/io)
+(require "../compiler/compile.rkt")
 (require "decode.rkt")
-(require "../runtime/types.rkt")
-
-(struct exec-state (program) #:transparent)
-
-(define (exec/state prog)
-  (exec-state
-   (parameterize       
-       ([current-externs
-         (list
-          (extern 'read_byte read-byte (_fun -> _val))
-          (extern 'peek_byte peek-byte (_fun -> _val))
-          (extern 'write_byte write-byte (_fun _val -> _val)))])
-     (asm-load prog))))
-
-(define (exec-call st)
-  (match-define (exec-state program) st)
-  (asm-call program 'entry))
-
-(define (exec-unload st)
-  (asm-unload (exec-state-program st)))
-
-;; ------------------------------------------------------------
-;; public API
-
-;; execute with runtime system and Racket host
-;; return raw bits plus the live state needed to interpret them safely
-
-;; CAUTION: this does not unload
-(define (exec asm)
-  (exec-call (exec/state asm)))
-
-;; version of above that ensures unloading
-(define (call-with-exec e f)
-  (define st (exec/state e))
-  (dynamic-wind
-    void
-    (λ () (f (exec-call st)))
-    (λ () (exec-unload st))))
-
+(require "host.rkt")
+
+;; Expr -> Value
+(define (exec e)
+  (bits->value (asm-interp/host (compile e))))
+
+;; Asm String -> (cons Value String)
+(define (exec/io e in)
+  (parameterize ((current-output-port (open-output-string))
+                 (current-input-port  (open-input-string in)))
+    (cons (exec e)
+          (get-output-string (current-output-port)))))
+    
diff --git a/evildoer/executor/host.rkt b/evildoer/executor/host.rkt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..26a64e8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/evildoer/executor/host.rkt
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+#lang racket
+(require a86/interp)
+(require ffi/unsafe)
+(require "decode.rkt")
+(require "../runtime/types.rkt")
+(provide (all-defined-out))
+
+(define (prim-read-byte)
+  (value->bits (read-byte)))
+(define (prim-peek-byte)
+  (value->bits (peek-byte)))
+(define (prim-write-byte bs)
+  (value->bits (write-byte (bits->value bs))))
+
+(define (asm-interp/host asm)
+  (parameterize
+      ([current-externs
+        (list (extern 'read_byte prim-read-byte (_fun -> _int64))
+              (extern 'peek_byte prim-peek-byte (_fun -> _int64))
+              (extern 'write_byte prim-write-byte (_fun _int64 -> _int64)))])
+    (asm-interp asm)))
+
diff --git a/evildoer/executor/run-stdin.rkt b/evildoer/executor/run-stdin.rkt
deleted file mode 100644
index 7e7170f..0000000
--- a/evildoer/executor/run-stdin.rkt
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,12 +0,0 @@
-#lang racket
-(provide main)
-(require "../syntax/parse.rkt")
-(require "../compiler/compile.rkt")
-(require "run.rkt")
-
-;; -> Void
-;; Compile contents of stdin and use asm-interp to run
-(define (main)
-  (read-line) ; ignore #lang racket line
-  (run (compile (parse (read)))))
-
diff --git a/evildoer/executor/run.rkt b/evildoer/executor/run.rkt
deleted file mode 100644
index e568605..0000000
--- a/evildoer/executor/run.rkt
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,19 +0,0 @@
-#lang racket
-(require a86/interp)
-(require "decode.rkt")
-(require "exec.rkt")
-(provide run run/io)
-;; Asm -> Value
-(define (run asm)
-  (call-with-exec
-   asm
-   (λ (r)
-     (bits->value r))))
-
-;; Asm String -> (cons Value String)
-(define (run/io asm in)
-  (parameterize ((current-output-port (open-output-string))
-                 (current-input-port  (open-input-string in)))
-    (cons (run asm)
-          (get-output-string (current-output-port)))))
-
diff --git a/evildoer/interpreter/interp-io.rkt b/evildoer/interpreter/interp-io.rkt
index 0550189..ccc2dfe 100644
--- a/evildoer/interpreter/interp-io.rkt
+++ b/evildoer/interpreter/interp-io.rkt
@@ -5,13 +5,8 @@
 ;; String Expr -> (Cons Value String)
 ;; Interpret e with given string as input,
 ;; return value and collected output as string
-(define (interp/io e input)
-  (define result (box #f))
-  (define output
-    (with-input-from-string input
-      (λ ()
-        (with-output-to-string
-          (λ ()
-            (set-box! result (interp e)))))))
-  (cons (unbox result) output))
-
+(define (interp/io e in)
+  (parameterize ((current-output-port (open-output-string))
+                 (current-input-port  (open-input-string in)))
+    (cons (interp e)
+          (get-output-string (current-output-port)))))
diff --git a/evildoer/main.rkt b/evildoer/main.rkt
index f9851a3..ae83f33 100644
--- a/evildoer/main.rkt
+++ b/evildoer/main.rkt
@@ -5,7 +5,6 @@
 (require "interpreter/interp-io.rkt")
 (require "compiler/compile.rkt")
 (require "runtime/types.rkt")
-(require "executor/run.rkt")
 (require "executor/exec.rkt")
 (provide (all-from-out "syntax/ast.rkt"))
 (provide (all-from-out "syntax/parse.rkt"))
@@ -13,6 +12,5 @@
 (provide (all-from-out "interpreter/interp-io.rkt"))
 (provide (all-from-out "compiler/compile.rkt"))
 (provide (all-from-out "runtime/types.rkt"))
-(provide (all-from-out "executor/run.rkt"))
 (provide (all-from-out "executor/exec.rkt"))
 
diff --git a/evildoer/test/run-compile-tests.rkt b/evildoer/test/run-compile-tests.rkt
index 253889d..2a0cabf 100644
--- a/evildoer/test/run-compile-tests.rkt
+++ b/evildoer/test/run-compile-tests.rkt
@@ -1,10 +1,9 @@
 #lang racket
 (require "../compiler/compile.rkt")
 (require "../syntax/parse.rkt")
-(require "../executor/run.rkt")
+(require "../executor/exec.rkt")
 (require "define-tests.rkt")
+(test (λ (e) (exec (parse e))))
 
-(test (λ (e) (run (compile (parse e)))))
-
-(test/io (λ (i e) (run/io (compile (parse e)) i)))
+(test/io (λ (i e) (exec/io (parse e) i)))
 
diff --git a/extort/executor/run-stdin.rkt b/extort/executor/run-stdin.rkt
index 7e7170f..ac60d60 100644
--- a/extort/executor/run-stdin.rkt
+++ b/extort/executor/run-stdin.rkt
@@ -8,5 +8,6 @@
 ;; Compile contents of stdin and use asm-interp to run
 (define (main)
   (read-line) ; ignore #lang racket line
+
   (run (compile (parse (read)))))
 
diff --git a/extort/test/run-compile-tests.rkt b/extort/test/run-compile-tests.rkt
index 253889d..95e541e 100644
--- a/extort/test/run-compile-tests.rkt
+++ b/extort/test/run-compile-tests.rkt
@@ -3,7 +3,6 @@
 (require "../syntax/parse.rkt")
 (require "../executor/run.rkt")
 (require "define-tests.rkt")
-
 (test (λ (e) (run (compile (parse e)))))
 
 (test/io (λ (i e) (run/io (compile (parse e)) i)))
diff --git a/fraud/executor/run-stdin.rkt b/fraud/executor/run-stdin.rkt
index 7e7170f..ac60d60 100644
--- a/fraud/executor/run-stdin.rkt
+++ b/fraud/executor/run-stdin.rkt
@@ -8,5 +8,6 @@
 ;; Compile contents of stdin and use asm-interp to run
 (define (main)
   (read-line) ; ignore #lang racket line
+
   (run (compile (parse (read)))))
 
diff --git a/hoax/executor/run-stdin.rkt b/hoax/executor/run-stdin.rkt
index 7e7170f..ac60d60 100644
--- a/hoax/executor/run-stdin.rkt
+++ b/hoax/executor/run-stdin.rkt
@@ -8,5 +8,6 @@
 ;; Compile contents of stdin and use asm-interp to run
 (define (main)
   (read-line) ; ignore #lang racket line
+
   (run (compile (parse (read)))))
 
diff --git a/hustle/executor/run-stdin.rkt b/hustle/executor/run-stdin.rkt
index 7e7170f..ac60d60 100644
--- a/hustle/executor/run-stdin.rkt
+++ b/hustle/executor/run-stdin.rkt
@@ -8,5 +8,6 @@
 ;; Compile contents of stdin and use asm-interp to run
 (define (main)
   (read-line) ; ignore #lang racket line
+
   (run (compile (parse (read)))))
 
diff --git a/iniquity/executor/run-stdin.rkt b/iniquity/executor/run-stdin.rkt
index 7e7170f..ac60d60 100644
--- a/iniquity/executor/run-stdin.rkt
+++ b/iniquity/executor/run-stdin.rkt
@@ -8,5 +8,6 @@
 ;; Compile contents of stdin and use asm-interp to run
 (define (main)
   (read-line) ; ignore #lang racket line
+
   (run (compile (parse (read)))))
 
diff --git a/jig/executor/run-stdin.rkt b/jig/executor/run-stdin.rkt
index 7e7170f..ac60d60 100644
--- a/jig/executor/run-stdin.rkt
+++ b/jig/executor/run-stdin.rkt
@@ -8,5 +8,6 @@
 ;; Compile contents of stdin and use asm-interp to run
 (define (main)
   (read-line) ; ignore #lang racket line
+
   (run (compile (parse (read)))))
 
diff --git a/knock/executor/run-stdin.rkt b/knock/executor/run-stdin.rkt
index 7e7170f..ac60d60 100644
--- a/knock/executor/run-stdin.rkt
+++ b/knock/executor/run-stdin.rkt
@@ -8,5 +8,6 @@
 ;; Compile contents of stdin and use asm-interp to run
 (define (main)
   (read-line) ; ignore #lang racket line
+
   (run (compile (parse (read)))))
 
diff --git a/loot/executor/run-stdin.rkt b/loot/executor/run-stdin.rkt
index 7e7170f..ac60d60 100644
--- a/loot/executor/run-stdin.rkt
+++ b/loot/executor/run-stdin.rkt
@@ -8,5 +8,6 @@
 ;; Compile contents of stdin and use asm-interp to run
 (define (main)
   (read-line) ; ignore #lang racket line
+
   (run (compile (parse (read)))))
 
diff --git a/mug/executor/run-stdin.rkt b/mug/executor/run-stdin.rkt
index 7e7170f..ac60d60 100644
--- a/mug/executor/run-stdin.rkt
+++ b/mug/executor/run-stdin.rkt
@@ -8,5 +8,6 @@
 ;; Compile contents of stdin and use asm-interp to run
 (define (main)
   (read-line) ; ignore #lang racket line
+
   (run (compile (parse (read)))))